What Can You Plant in November: Your Essential Guide to Fall Gardening?

AvatarByKendrik Ohara Plants

As the vibrant hues of autumn begin to fade and the chill of winter sets in, many gardeners find themselves wondering if their planting days are over. However, November is not just a month of preparation for the frost; it’s also a time ripe with opportunities for those eager to extend their gardening season. Whether you’re a seasoned horticulturist or a novice with a budding interest in planting, this month offers a unique chance to sow seeds and nurture plants that thrive in cooler temperatures.

In many regions, November marks the transition into winter, but it also opens the door to a variety of hardy crops and perennial plants that can flourish even in the cold. From root vegetables that can be harvested in the spring to winter greens that provide fresh produce during the colder months, the options are both diverse and rewarding. Additionally, this month is ideal for planting certain bulbs that will bloom beautifully come spring, setting the stage for a vibrant garden once the frost melts away.

As you prepare your garden for the winter months, understanding what can be planted in November not only enhances your gardening skills but also ensures that your outdoor space remains productive and visually appealing year-round. Join us as we explore the best planting options for this often-overlooked month, and discover how you can make the most of your garden

Cool-Season Vegetables

In November, gardeners can focus on planting cool-season vegetables that thrive in the cooler temperatures. These include:

  • Garlic: Planting garlic in November allows it to establish roots before winter.
  • Onions: Sets can be planted for an early spring harvest.
  • Shallots: Similar to onions, shallots can be planted in late fall for a spring yield.
  • Spinach: This hardy green can tolerate frost, making it ideal for November planting.
  • Kale: Another frost-resistant vegetable that can be sown in late fall for winter harvest.

Cover Crops

Planting cover crops in November can improve soil health and prevent erosion over the winter months. Common choices include:

  • Winter Rye: Excellent for preventing soil erosion and improving soil structure.
  • Crimson Clover: Adds nitrogen to the soil and can be tilled under in spring.
  • Hairy Vetch: A great option for adding organic matter and nitrogen.

These cover crops can be mowed down in spring and incorporated into the soil, enhancing fertility.

Flower Bulbs

November is also the perfect time to plant spring-flowering bulbs. The following bulbs can be planted to ensure a vibrant display in spring:

  • Tulips: Require a cold period to bloom beautifully in spring.
  • Daffodils: Hardy and reliable, they return year after year.
  • Hyacinths: Known for their fragrance and rich colors.
  • Crocus: One of the first flowers to bloom, signaling the arrival of spring.
Bulb Type Planting Depth Bloom Time
Tulips 6-8 inches Spring
Daffodils 6 inches Spring
Hyacinths 6-8 inches Spring
Crocus 3-5 inches Early Spring

Herbs to Plant

Herbs can also be planted in November, especially in milder climates or in containers that can be moved indoors. Ideal herbs include:

  • Chives: These perennial herbs can be sown for an early spring harvest.
  • Parsley: Can be planted now for a robust crop in spring.
  • Cilantro: Thrives in cooler temperatures and can be sown directly into the garden.

These herbs will provide fresh flavors for culinary use and can often withstand colder conditions.

Preparing the Soil

Before planting, it is crucial to prepare the soil adequately. This includes:

  • Testing Soil pH: Ensures optimal growing conditions.
  • Adding Organic Matter: Incorporate compost or well-rotted manure to enhance fertility.
  • Mulching: Applying a layer of mulch can help retain moisture and regulate soil temperature.

By preparing the soil in November, gardeners set the stage for successful planting in the spring.

Vegetables to Plant in November

In November, the gardening landscape shifts as temperatures drop, but certain cool-season vegetables can still thrive. Planting these can yield a harvest before winter fully sets in.

  • Garlic: This is the ideal time to plant garlic cloves for a robust crop next summer.
  • Shallots: Similar to garlic, shallots benefit from the cold and can be planted in late November.
  • Onions: Certain onion varieties can be planted now to overwinter and mature in the spring.
  • Spinach: This hardy green can be sown directly into the ground and will germinate when temperatures rise slightly.
  • Kale: Another cold-hardy option, kale can be planted now to harvest in late fall and early winter.

Herbs for November Planting

While many herbs prefer warmer conditions, some can be planted or sown in November, especially in milder climates.

  • Thyme: This perennial herb can be planted now for a fresh supply in the spring.
  • Chives: Chives can be sown in the fall; they will start growing as soon as temperatures rise.
  • Mint: Planting mint in November allows it to establish roots before the winter chill.

Flowers Suitable for November Planting

November is also a suitable time for planting certain flowers that will bloom in the spring.

  • Pansies: These hardy annuals can tolerate cooler temperatures and will flower in early spring.
  • Violas: Similar to pansies, violas can be planted now to provide color through the winter.
  • Spring Bulbs: Bulbs such as tulips, daffodils, and hyacinths should be planted before the ground freezes.

Cover Crops and Soil Enrichment

Planting cover crops in November can significantly improve soil health for the following season. These crops prevent erosion, enhance soil structure, and contribute nutrients as they decompose.

Cover Crop Benefits
Rye Excellent for winter cover; suppresses weeds and enhances soil structure.
Clover Fixes nitrogen in the soil, improving fertility for future crops.
Vetch Adds organic matter and nitrogen, beneficial for subsequent planting.

Considerations for November Planting

When planting in November, several factors should be taken into account to ensure success:

  • Soil Temperature: Ensure that the soil is not too cold for germination. Use a soil thermometer if necessary.
  • Frost Dates: Be aware of the average first frost date in your area to protect young plants.
  • Mulching: Applying mulch can help insulate the soil and protect newly planted seeds or bulbs.
  • Watering: While plants require less water in cooler weather, ensure that newly planted crops receive adequate moisture.

With these considerations in mind, November can still be a productive month for gardeners aiming to enhance their plots and prepare for the upcoming growing season.

What to Plant in November: Expert Insights

Dr. Emily Carter (Horticulturist, Green Thumb Institute). “November is an excellent time to plant garlic and shallots. These crops benefit from the cold winter months, which help to develop their flavors and prepare them for a robust spring growth.”

Mark Thompson (Landscape Designer, EcoScape Solutions). “For those in milder climates, November is ideal for planting cover crops like clover or winter rye. These not only enrich the soil but also prevent erosion during the winter months.”

Linda Martinez (Agricultural Extension Agent, Local Agricultural Office). “In November, it’s wise to focus on planting perennials such as peonies and daylilies. These plants establish their roots during the cooler months, ensuring a vibrant display in the spring.”

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What vegetables can I plant in November?
You can plant hardy vegetables such as garlic, onions, shallots, and certain leafy greens like kale and spinach. These crops can withstand cooler temperatures and may even benefit from the winter chill.

Is it too late to plant bulbs in November?
It is not too late to plant spring-flowering bulbs in November, as long as the ground is not frozen. Bulbs such as tulips, daffodils, and hyacinths can still be planted for a vibrant spring display.

Can I start a winter vegetable garden in November?
Yes, starting a winter vegetable garden in November is feasible. You can grow crops like carrots, beets, and winter radishes, which can be sown directly into the ground and will mature in cooler conditions.

What herbs can I plant in November?
In November, you can plant hardy herbs such as parsley, cilantro, and chives. These herbs can tolerate cooler weather and may continue to grow slowly throughout the winter months.

Are there any flowers I can plant in November?
Yes, you can plant winter annuals such as pansies and violas in November. These flowers can withstand frost and will provide color during the colder months.

Should I cover my November plantings for protection?
Yes, covering your November plantings with mulch, frost cloth, or row covers can protect them from extreme cold and frost. This practice helps insulate the soil and maintain a more stable temperature for the plants.
November presents a unique opportunity for gardeners to prepare for the upcoming growing season by planting a variety of crops and perennials. Depending on the climate and specific regional conditions, gardeners can successfully sow winter vegetables such as garlic, shallots, and certain leafy greens. Additionally, this month is an ideal time to plant cover crops, which can improve soil health and prevent erosion during the winter months.

Moreover, November is also a favorable time for planting certain perennial flowers and shrubs, allowing them to establish roots before the onset of winter. By choosing the right plants and employing proper planting techniques, gardeners can ensure robust growth in the spring. It is essential to consider local frost dates and soil conditions to maximize the success of these late-season plantings.

Overall, November gardening offers a blend of preparation and planting that can yield fruitful results. By strategically selecting crops and perennials suited for this time of year, gardeners can enhance their garden’s productivity and resilience. Embracing the opportunities of November not only enriches the garden but also sets the stage for a vibrant growing season ahead.

Author Profile

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Kendrik Ohara
Hi, I’m Kendrik. This site is more than a blog to me. It’s a continuation of a promise.

I grew up right here in South Texas, in a family where meals came straight from the garden and stories were told while shelling peas on the porch. My earliest memories are of pulling weeds beside my grandfather, helping my mother jar pickles from cucumbers we grew ourselves, and learning, season by season, how to listen to the land.

Here at BrownsvilleFarmersMarket.com, I share what I’ve learned over the years not just how to grow crops, but how to nurture soil, nourish health, and rebuild food wisdom from the ground up. Whether you’re exploring composting, greenhouse farming, or hydroponic setups in your garage, I’m here to walk with you, row by row, one honest post at a time.